![]() ![]() In the latter case, the pilot will navigate exclusively using instruments and radio navigation aids such as beacons, or as directed under radar control by air traffic control. The techniques used for navigation in the air will depend on whether the aircraft is flying under visual flight rules (VFR) or instrument flight rules (IFR). Therefore, constant awareness of position is critical for aircraft pilots. Additionally, collisions with obstructions are usually fatal. There is no in-flight rescue for most aircraft. Aircraft are safety-limited by the amount of fuel they can carry a surface vehicle can usually get lost, run out of fuel, then simply await rescue. Aircraft normally cannot stop in mid-air to ascertain their position at leisure. Air navigation differs from the navigation of surface craft in several ways Aircraft travel at relatively high speeds, leaving less time to calculate their position en route. Successful air navigation involves piloting an aircraft from place to place without getting lost, not breaking the laws applying to aircraft, or endangering the safety of those on board or on the ground. The basic principles of air navigation are identical to general navigation, which includes the process of planning, recording, and controlling the movement of a craft from one place to another. However, in the modern context one would consider this system as navigation-cum-guidance-system. Other output, however may involve steering and signal sent to a central computer. If the information is primarily for the benefit of the crew, it involves some types of display. Safety requirement have become crucialĪ navigation system may provide information in a variety of forms, appropriate to the needs of aircraft. Number of aircraft in a given airspace has increased manifold in the past few decadesģ. Time large between measurement and decision to be reducedĢ. These are number of reasons why sophisticated navigation system becomes so important in modern days, some of them are ġ. These questions are answered by navigation system. (More specifically) where is the aircraft now with respect to where it should have been? Whenever a purposeful change in location has to take place for an aircraft the following questions must be asked and answered Instead of known landmarks this instruments used information learned from celestial bodies, certain distance objects on the surface of the earth, and many other source of information carry out the job of navigation. As vehicle become more sophisticated navigation instrument become necessary. In the early days, when man-made vehicle where surfaced bound (either or land or on sea) and they seldom ventured per beyond easily recognizable land marks, the act of navigation could be carried out by human using their sense to determine direction distance, speed and position. In today’s context it can be formally defined as the determination as a strategy for estimating the position of a vehicle along the flight path, giving output from the specified sensors. It is an art of practiced by all who travel but its development is rooted firmly in the fundamental laws of science. Navigation may be defined as the movement of a vehicle from one place to another. Air navigation is defined as "the process of determining the geographic position and maintaining the desired direction of an aircraft relative to the surface of the earth
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